What best describes inspection in a review process?

Inspection in a review process is a formal review that specifically aims to identify defects within the work product. This structured approach involves a predefined process, clear roles, and defined entry and exit criteria, which distinguishes it from less formal review methods. The primary goal of an inspection is to detect errors or issues as early as possible, contributing to the overall quality of the product.

During an inspection, participants engage in detailed examination of the work product, using checklists and other techniques to ensure a thorough evaluation. The formal nature of inspections allows for a systematic approach, aiding in the detection of not only surface-level mistakes but also deeper flaws in logic and design.

This structured process contrasts with other options, as it explicitly defines a methodology aimed at improving quality through defect identification rather than informal, goal-less discussions or collaborative, less structured reviews. Documentation is also integral to this process, providing a record of defects found, which can be critical for accountability and future reference.