In a given program, what is the minimum number of test cases needed for both statement coverage and decision coverage?

For both statement coverage and decision coverage, understanding the requirements for each type of coverage is essential. Statement coverage measures whether each line of code has been executed at least once. Decision coverage, on the other hand, requires that each decision in the code (such as if statements) evaluates to both true and false at least once during testing.

The minimum number of test cases required starts with statement coverage. If there are no conditional branches, only one test case is necessary to cover all statements within the program. However, when decision points exist, at least two test cases are often required: one must ensure that the true path of a decision is executed, and the other must ensure that the false path is executed.

Therefore, for both statement coverage and decision coverage to be satisfied in a program with logical conditions, two test cases are typically needed. One will assess the true outcomes while the other evaluates the false outcomes of the decision points present.

This aligns perfectly with the answer indicating that 2 test cases are necessary for both statement and decision coverage. It effectively covers the requirement for ensuring that every line of code is executed at least once and that every decision point has been evaluated in both possible outcomes.